COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTANCY Optional Subject in UPSC - UPSC Family

PAPER-I

Accounting and Finance
Accounting, Taxation & Auditing

1. Financing Accounting :

 

Accounting as a financial information system; Impact of behavioural sciences. Accounting

Standards e.g., Accounting for Depreciation, Inventories, Research and Development Costs, Long-term Construction Contracts, Revenue Recognition, Fixed Assets, Contingencies, Foreign Exchange Transactions, Investments and Government Grants,

Cash Flow Statement, Earnings per Share.

 

Accounting for Share Capital Transactions including Bonus Shares, Right Shares. Emplyees Stock Option and Buy-Back of Securities. Preparation and Presentation of Company Final Accounts. Amalgamations, Absorption and Reconstruction of Companies.

 

 

2. Cost Accounting :

 

Nature and functions of cost accounting. Installation of Cost Accounting System. Cost Concepts related to Income Measurement, Profit Planning, Cost Control and Decision Making.

 

 Methods of Costing: Job Costing, Process Costing, Activity Based Costing. Volume-cost-Profit Relationship as a tool of Profit Planning. Incremental Analysis/Differential Costing as a Tool of Pricing Decisions, Product

Decisions, Make or Buy Decisions, Shut-Down Decisions etc. 

 

Techniques of Cost Control and Cost Reduction : Budgeting as a Tool of Planning and Control. Standard Costing and Variance Analysis.

 

 

Responsibility Accounting and Divisional Performance Measurement.

 

 

3. Taxation :

Income Tax: Definitions. Basis of charge; Incomes which do not form part of total

income. Simple problems of Computation of Income (of individuals only) under various

heads, i.e., Salaries, Income from House Property, Profits and Gains from Business or

Profession, Capital Gains, Income from other sources, Income of other Persons included

in Assessee’s Total Income.

 

Set-off and Carry forward of Loss.

 

Deductions from Gross Total Income.

 

Salient Features/Provisions Related to VAT and Services Tax.

 

 

 

4. Auditing :

Company Audit: Audit related to Divisible Profits, Dividends, Special investigations, Tax

audit.

Audit of Banking, Insurance, Non-Profit Organization and Charitable

Societies/Trusts/Organizations.

 

 

Financial Management, Financial Institutions and Markets

 

1. Financial Management :

Finance Function : Nature, Scope and Objectives of Financial Management : Risk and

Return Relationship.

Tools of Financial Analysis: Ratio Analysis, Funds-Flow and Cash-Flow Statement.

Capital Budgeting Decisions: Process, Procedures and Appraisal Methods. Risk and

Uncertainty Anlysis and Methods.

Cost of Capital : Concept, Computation of Specific Costs and Weighted Average Cost of Capital. CAPM as aTool of Determining Cost of Equity Capital.

Financing Decisions: Theories of Capital Structure—Net Income (NI) Approach.

Net Operating Income (NOI) Approach, MM Approach and Traditional Approach.

Designing of Capital structure: Types of Leverages (Operating, Financial and Combined),

EBIT-EPS Analysis, and other Factors.

Dividend Decisions and Valuation of Firm : Walter’s Model, MM Thesis, Gordan’s Model

Lintner’s Model. Factors Affecting Dividend Policy.

Working Capital Management: Planning of Working Capital. Determinants of Working

Capital. Components of Working Capital—Cash, Inventory and Receivables.

Corporate Restructuring with focus on Mergers and Acquisitions (Financial aspect only).

 

 

2. Financial Markets and Institutions :

Indian Financial System: An Overview

Money Markets: Participants, Structure and Instruments. Commercial Banks. Reforms in

Banking Sector. Monetary and Credit Policy of RBI. RBI as a Regulator.

 

Capital Market : Primary and Secondary Market. Financial Market Instruments and

Innovative Debt Instruments; SEBI as a Regulator.

Financial Services : Mutual Funds, Venture Capital, Credit Rating Agencies, Insurance and

IRDA.

 

PAPER-II

Organisation Theory and Behaviours, Human Resource Management and Industrial
Relations

 

 

 

Organisation Theory and Behaviour

 

1. Organisation Theory :

Nature and Concept of Organisation; External Environment of

Organisation—Technological, Social, Political, Ecomomical and Legal; Organizational

Goals Primary and Secondary Goals, Single and Multiple Goals; Management by

Objectives.

 

Evolution of Organisation theory : Classical Neo-classical and system approach.

 

Modern Concepts of Organisation Theory : Organisational Design, Organisational

Structure and Organisational Culture.

 

Organisational Design—Basic Challenges; Differentiation and Intergration Process;

Centralization and Decentralization Process; Standardization/Formalization and Mutual Adjustment. 

 

Coordinating Formal and Informal Organizations. Mechanistic and Organic Structures.

 

Designing Organizational structures—Authority and Control; Line and Staff Functions,

Specialization and Coordination. 

 

Types of Organization Structure—Functional. Matrix Structure, Project Structure. Nature and Basis of Power, Sources of Power, Power

Structure and Politics. Impact of Information Technology on Organizational Design and

Structure. Managing Organizational Culture.

 

 

 

2. Organisation Behaviour :

 

Meaning and Concept; Individual in organization: Personality, Theories, and Determinants; Pereception Meaning and Process. Motivation : Concepts, Theories and Applications. Leadership—Theories and Styles.  Quality of Work Life (QWL): Meaning and its impact on Performance, Ways of its 

Enhancement. Quality Circles (QC)—Meaning and their Importance. Management of 

Conflicts in Organizations. Transactional Analysis, Organizational Effectiveness, 

Management of Change. Human Resources Management and Industrial Relations

 

 

1. Human Resources Management (HRM) :

Meaning Nature and Scope of HRM, Human Resource Planning, Job Analysis, Job 

Description, Job Specification, Recruitment Process, Selection Process, Orientational and 

Placement, Training and Development Process, Performance Appraisal and 360° Feed 

Back, Salary and Wage Administration, Job Evaluation, Employee Welfare, Promotions, 

Transfers and Separations.

 

 

2. Industrial Relations (IR) :

Meaning, Nature, Importance and Scope of IR, Formation of Trade Union, Trade Union 

Legislation, Trade Union Movement in India. Recognition of Trade Unions, Problems of 

Trade Unions in India. Impact of Liberalization on Trade Union Movement.

Nature of Industrial Disputes: Strikes and Lockouts, Causes of Disputes, Prevention and

Settlement of Disputes. 

Worker’s Participation in Management: Philosophy, Rationale, Present Day Status and 

Future Prospects. 

Adjudication and Collective Bargaining. 

Industrial Relations in Public Enterprises Absenteeism and Labour Turnover in Indian 

Industries and their Causes and Remedies.

ILO and its Functions.